Education > Theses > PhD

2024

1. Contributions to Data Engineering in Spatio-Temporal Semantic Data Management for IoT

   Mario San Emeterio De La Parte

   Supervisor: José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega

   Sep 2024

   Abs DOI Bib Website Teseo

   

   In the current era of digitization, data have emerged as the most valuable resource, driving transformation across various sectors of society and the economy. From industry to healthcare, agriculture, and beyond, the ability to collect, process, and leverage data in real-time stands as a key differentiator. In this context, the Internet of Things (IoT) plays a crucial role by expanding the network of connected devices that continuously generate data. Data generated by devices and sensors represent information in its purest state, a valuable raw material that requires processing and analysis to extract meaningful knowledge. In this regard, data management systems emerge as the cornerstone of the IoT ecosystem, facilitating the organization, storage, processing, and efficient access to this heterogeneous data. These systems not only manage the vast volume of generated data, but also enable its transformation into actionable information and, ultimately, into useful knowledge. However, data generated by IoT devices exhibit a complex nature based on three fundamental dimensions: spatial, temporal, and semantic. This tridimensionality implies that the data not only contain information about the time they were collected (temporal dimension) and the place of origin (spatial dimension) but also about their meaning and context (semantic dimension). Current data management systems lack a comprehensive approach that recognizes and harnesses the intricate tridimensional nature of these data. Furthermore, these systems feature cloud-centralized architectures, which reduces their performance due to delays and communication difficulties with the edge layer. Another challenge in the current IoT landscape lies in insufficient interoperability, leading to a fragmented ecosystem of devices, platforms, solutions, and systems. This thesis proposes a series of contributions to the management of spatio-temporal semantic data for IoT, which stem from the following objectives: 1) To formalize a data model based on the spatio-temporal semantic nature of the data generated by heterogeneous IoT devices and sensors. 2) Define a horizontally and vertically distributed spatio-temporal semantic data management system that enables the achievement of the next generation IoT. 3) Address the challenges arising from the lack of interoperability at the semantic level by proposing a system to support translation or alignment between the wide variety of existing IoT data models. The data model proposed in this thesis has been extended and evaluated against real needs and data exposed in a large-scale IoT environment, described by the AFarCloud European Research Project. After validation, the data model provides the basis for the design of the named "DistDaMaS", an spatio-temporal semantic data management system based on a horizontally and vertically distributed architecture. As a proof of concept and validation, this system has been implemented in the framework of the European Research Project DEMETER. The third contribution of this thesis consists of the implementation of the system named "Semantic Interoperability Support System" (SISS). This system has been evaluated against a selection of eight widely recognized data models and ontologies used in the IoT domain. The contributions presented in this dissertation formalize the foundations for more efficient and effective data management in IoT environments. These results contribute to the advancement towards next-generation IoT, driven by more adaptable, scalable, and interoperable data management systems.

   @phdthesis{san_emeterio_de_la_parte_contributions_2024,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Contributions to {Data} {Engineering} in {Spatio}-{Temporal} {Semantic} {Data} {Management} for {IoT}},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/83151/},
     urldate = {2025-11-15},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {San Emeterio De La Parte, Mario},
     month = sep,
     year = {2024},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.83151},
     keywords = {google\_scholar\_id: 7GEai8UAAAAJ:IjCSPb-OGe4C, supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=2520381},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=2520381},
     supervisor = {Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2021

1. Intrusion Detection and Prevention for Network Coding-Enabled Mobile Small Cells

   Reza ParsaMehr

   Supervisors: José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega and Jonathan Rodriguez González

   Jul 2021

   Abs DOI Bib Website Teseo

   

   The recent explosive growth in mobile data traffic in synergy with the demand for higher data rate services have provided the impetus for 5th Generation mobile networks. To this end, network-coding (NC)-enabled mobile small cells are considered as a promising 5G technology to cover the urban landscape by being set up on-demand at any place, and at any time on any device. In particular, this emerging paradigm has the potential to provide significant benefits to mobile networks as it can reduce packet transmission in wireless multicast, provide network capacity improvement, and achieve robustness to packet losses with low energy consumption. However, despite these significant advantages, NC-enabled mobile small cells are vulnerable to various types of attacks due to the inherent vulnerabilities of NC. Given the need for stringent security requirements in 5G systems and beyond, this work targets novel security mechanisms. The aim of this thesis is to present a collaborative intrusion detection and prevention mechanisms in NC-enabled mobile small cells that allow the detection of pollution attacks, the detection of the attack source(s), and the application of proper mitigation actions. The proposed mechanisms target to protect NC-enabled mobile small cells from the depletion of resources (e.g., bandwidth, CPU power, memory, and battery level) caused by pollution attacks. Taking a step towards addressing the potential security threats in NC-MSC systems, a categorization of the potential attacks are required. Therefore as a first step, different types of security vulnerabilities need to be investigated. As a result of these studies, the most severe security attacks are identified in network coding-enabled mobile small cells due to the inherent vulnerabilities of NC. As a result of the first step, pollution attacks are identified as one of the most severe and plausible attacks in NC-MSC systems. In this context, a novel security mechanism is proposed that can mitigate against packet pollution through an integrated intrusion detection and prevention mechanism. A key enabling feature is the capacity to not only detect pollution attacks, but is able to drop contaminated packets avoiding packet error proliferation throughout the network. Identifying the polluted packets, as well as the exact location of malicious users are equally important tasks. In which case, two novel schemes are proposed that not only is able to detect intruders, but also take robust countermeasures by the identifying the exact location of the attacker(s) and being in a position to drop contaminated packets to protect networking resources (e.g. bandwidth , CPU power, memory, and battery level). The final step involved comparing the proposed mechanisms with the SpaceMAC scheme, which is the literature baseline for detecting pollution attacks. The simulation results concluded the proposed novelty can perform on par with SpaceMAC is terms of detection capability, but shows additional benefits and performance in terms of preventive measures that suggests that the proposed schemes can be a strong candidate for security and integrity in next generation mobile small cell networks.

   @phdthesis{parsamehr_intrusion_2021,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Intrusion {Detection} and {Prevention} for {Network} {Coding}-{Enabled} {Mobile} {Small} {Cells}},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/67763/},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {ParsaMehr, Reza},
     month = jul,
     year = {2021},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.67763},
     keywords = {google\_scholar\_id: L6Zd6EUAAAAJ:9ZlFYXVOiuMC, supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, supervisor: Rodriguez González, Jonathan, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1991622},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1991622},
     supervisor = {Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán and Rodriguez González, Jonathan},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2. Contributions to Adaptive Mission Planning for Cooperative Robotics in the Internet of Things

   Néstor Lucas-Martínez

   Supervisor: José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega

   May 2021

   PhD Award Abs DOI Bib PDF Website Teseo

   

   Néstor Lucas Martínez was awarded with the Outstanding PhD Award from UPM

   In recent years, robotics has experienced a growing interest thanks to the impetus received by the advances on the various technologies on which it relies. Of all the aspects in which robotics is making its way, one of the most relevant is related to autonomous robotics, where robots are capable of performing assigned tasks with minimal human intervention. A simple example is the now common Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), capable of flying between points without the need for a human to carry out the piloting tasks. This ability to carry out assigned tasks with minimal human intervention has its main advantages in those tasks that are carried out in harsh, dangerous, or even distant environments. The usual way of working with this type of robot starts with the definition of some goals resulting in what is known as a mission. A plan is defined to achieve the mission goals. In this context the definition of a plan is limited to a sequence of actions that the robot must carry out, without alternative branches of execution. This approach is acceptable when it is possible to control the conditions of the environment in which the plan is to be executed. However, the environments where there is greater interest for the use of autonomous robots, such the ones with peril or considerable distances, are usually open. This implies that in those environments may occur situations that prevent the correct execution of the plan, being necessary to adapt the mission to such situations. Traditionally, the adaptation of a mission when situations that prevent the execution of the plan has done in two ways: 1. Delegating the ability to adapt to robots. 2. Updating the mission plan, either repairing it or creating a new one for the situation detected (re-planning). Both options have their drawbacks. On the one hand delegation is not always possible, far from easy. And even in those cases in which a certain adaptive ability can be delegated to the robots, it is still possible that there are situations to which the robot cannot adapt. On the other hand, updating the mission plan is a time-consuming process, which would negatively affect the fulfillment of the mission. Furthermore, if several robots are participating cooperatively in a mission, it is possible that the situation detected by one of them requires the adaptation of the plan for others. And neither delegation, nor re-planning or plan repairing cover this possibility. Additionally, there are other types of situations that can be detected during the execution of a mission that do not imply the need to adapt the plan, but rather the presence of an opportunity to achieve other desirable goals. This thesis proposes a contribution to the adaptation of mission plans for cooperative robotics within the framework of the Internet of Things (IoT), with the following objectives: 1) define an improved structure of a plan, compatible with its classic definition, and which allows the use of existing knowledge to anticipate possible adaptations, as well as to identify opportunities outside the original plan; 2) define a reference middleware architecture for mission management that, using the previous structure, serves as a guide for the design of concrete architectures for specific systems. The new structure defined, called “strategy” in this dissertation, incorporates the classic structure of a plan complemented with the possible hierarchical decomposition of the actions that constitute it, the inclusion of decision nodes and the consideration of alternative plans for identifed opportunities. This structure is complemented by the proposal of a common reference architecture for mission management, called “CoMMMA” in this thesis. CoMMMA includes the necessary functionalities to facilitate adaptation to events and detection of opportunities, maintaining a close relationship with the Internet of Things (IoT) reference model. As proof of concept and validation of the proposal, this model has been used to define a mission manager component for the architecture of the SWARMs European Research Project. The SWARMs project was aimed to expand the use of underwater and surface autonomous robotics, using autonomous vehicles to carry out tasks in the underwater environment, in which the conditions of danger and distance are met. The manager component employs the necessary CoMMMA concepts that apply to the specifc requirements of the project, and it has been successfully tested in the final demonstrator for the project, obtaining promising results. The CoMMMA model presented in this thesis has also been used in the design of the mission management component for the architecture of the European Research Project AFarCloud, framed in the field of precision agriculture, and pending evaluation at the time of writing these lines. The foundations and outcomes presented in this dissertation are mainly contextualized in the following European Research Projects: WoO (ITEA2 code: 10028), DEMANES (Artemis code: 295372), ACCUS (Artemis code: 333020), SWARMs (ECSEL code: 662107) and AFarCloud (ECSEL code: 783221)

   @phdthesis{lucas-martinez_contributions_2021,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Contributions to {Adaptive} {Mission} {Planning} for {Cooperative} {Robotics} in the {Internet} of {Things}},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/67426/},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {Lucas-Martínez, Néstor},
     month = may,
     year = {2021},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.67426},
     keywords = {award: Néstor Lucas Martínez was awarded with the Outstanding PhD Award from UPM, award\_name: PhD Award, google\_scholar\_id: t0\_ZrjQAAAAJ:YsMSGLbcyi4C, pdf: https://oa.upm.es/67426/1/NESTOR\_LUCAS\_MARTINEZ.pdf, supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1968282},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1968282},
     supervisor = {Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2020

1. Contributions to Case-Based Reasoning Enabled Decision Support System for Smart Agriculture

   Zhaoyu Zhai

   Supervisor: José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega

   Oct 2020

   Abs DOI Bib Website Teseo

   

   Nowadays, high demands for food from the world-wide growing population are impacting the environment and putting many pressures on agricultural productivity. As a farming management concept, smart agriculture tries to integrate advanced technologies like Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and Remote Sensing into current farming practices for the purpose of boosting productivity and improving the quality of agricultural products. The core of smart agriculture emphasizes on the use of information systems and communication technologies in the cyber-physical farm management cycle. However, farmers can hardly take advantage of collected information to make proper decisions because it is difficult to transfer the explosive amount of raw data from sensors, actuators, and networks into practical knowledge for managing farming operations. Therefore, delivering an agricultural decision support system to farmers to assist them in making evidence-based decisions is needed. The ultimate objective of this thesis is to design and implement a decision support system within the Aggregate Farming in the Cloud (AFarCloud) platform. Meanwhile, the proposed decision support system tries to overcome the current challenging problems in this topic. To achieve this objective, this thesis follows the below three research areas. The first area aims at providing a general solution for delivering an agricultural decision support system for the AFarCloud platform. An architectural proposal of the decision support system framework for managing farming operations is presented in this thesis. The proposed framework defines an algorithm manager and an algorithm toolbox. The former component is responsible to configure registered decision support algorithms, while the latter component is capable of selecting a certain algorithm to generate decision supports. The proposed framework demonstrates how smart agriculture can benefit from the support of a decision support system, and therefore assist farmers in making evidence-based decisions. The second area focuses on designing a case-based reasoning (CBR) algorithm to generate decision supports for farmers. This CBR algorithm is implemented within the framework proposed in the first research area, in particular, within the algorithm toolbox component. According to the nature of the CBR algorithm, it can be divided into five steps, including representation, retrieval, reuse, revision, and retention. In this thesis, an improved CBR algorithm is proposed to overcome the detected shortcomings of the current research work. Firstly, an associated case representation formalism is presented for enhancing the typical feature vector representation. The proposed representation formalism contains the similar and dissimilar associations between past cases, enabling to compare potential similar cases preferentially. Secondly, a triangular similarity measure is designed by taking advantage of cosine and Euclidean distance measures. For providing a precise measurement, the magnitude differences between two compared N-dimensional vectors are taken into consideration. Thirdly, a fast case retrieval algorithm is developed, enabling to determine a list of similar past cases by comparing a fewer number of cases. As a consequence, the retrieval efficiency is improved while the retrieval accuracy can be guaranteed as well. Fourthly, a learning-based approach for solution reuse and revision is studied. This reuse and revision approach tries to identify the difference between the problem part of compared cases, and then update the retrieved solution based on previous experiences. Lastly, an associated case retention approach is put forward. Apart from the typical addition and deletion strategies, the proposed retention approach also concerns to update the existed associations and generate new associations for the learned cases. By enhancing each step of the CBR loop, the proposed CBR algorithm is able to generate promising decision supports with great efficiency and accuracy. The third area considers a hybrid decision support mechanism for the AFarCloud platform. It is noted that though the improved CBR algorithm can generate a satisfied result for the most queries, it may be unable to generate the decision supports when the CBR algorithm fails to retrieve a list of similar past cases. Under this circumstance, the decision support system should start other registered algorithms to carry on the task. Therefore, for coordinating the interaction between various decision support algorithms, a mediator design pattern is adopted in this hybrid decision support mechanism. Owing to the design of the mediator component, different decision support algorithms do no need to interact with each other directly. Instead, the communication work between the algorithm manager and decision support algorithms is handled by this mediator component. This hybrid decision support mechanism is verified through a preliminary proof, considering the CBR algorithm and an artificial neural network algorithm. The result suggests that the hybrid decision support mechanism can enhance the robustness of the overall decision support system. Lastly, the proposed decision support system, along with the improved CBR algorithm, are all verified by simulation. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposal in this thesis is effective and achieves better performance than previous works.

   @phdthesis{zhai_contributions_2020,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Contributions to {Case}-{Based} {Reasoning} {Enabled} {Decision} {Support} {System} for {Smart} {Agriculture}},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/64746/},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {Zhai, Zhaoyu},
     month = oct,
     year = {2020},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.64746},
     keywords = {google\_scholar\_id: PEZTrVcAAAAJ:aqlVkmm33-oC, supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1910085},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1910085},
     supervisor = {Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2019

1. Contribution to authentication and data privacy on Internet of Things scenarios

   Yuwen Chen

   Supervisors: Lourdes López-Santidrián and José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega

   Jul 2019

   Abs DOI Bib Website Teseo

   Nowadays, an ever-increasing amount of sensors is applied in our daily lives in areas like health parameters monitoring, smart meter’s real-time consumption data monitoring. The plethora of data collected by these sensors is available for users to access it from any device connected to the Internet. Considering the importance and confidentiality of the data, it is necessary to ensure its security and privacy. To solve the aforementioned problems, authentication schemes and data aggregation schemes for low capability devices are proposed in this thesis, which can be applied to the scenarios of the Internet of Things: e-health and smart grid. The authentication schemes help the entities in the system to authenticate each other and build a shared key. With this shared key, the entity can build a secure two-way communication channel. The data aggregation scheme is aimed to protect the security and privacy of these data. Firstly, the security of these data is protected by the homomorphic encryption schemes. Secondly, the server is unable to learn the data of a single sensor, as it is only able to conduct statistical analysis on these data rather than access them directly. The server is able to get the sum, average, variance of these data and to conduct a one-way analysis of variance on them. In this way, the sensor’s data privacy is protected. In an e-health scenario, wearable sensors are deployed on patients to check body health parameters so patients can be monitored by healthcare providers in real time remotely, which will reduce unnecessary visits to the doctors. For elderly people and chronic disease patients, the access to healthcare services is easier and the costs are reduced. Continuous physiological information monitored by wearable sensors can help doctors to have a better diagnostic and recommend a suitable treatment, since the doctors have all the necessary patient data at hand. When doctors want to access patient’s data remotely via network, the patient has to authenticate the identity of the doctor first. Only after the identity of the doctor is validated, he would be allowed to access the data. Many lightweight authentication schemes have been proposed to enable a mutual authentication and key establishment between the two parties with the help of a gateway. But most of these schemes cannot enable identity privacy. Besides, in some existing schemes, the shared key is also known by the gateway, which means the patient’s data encrypted using this key is available to the gateway, which goes against the patient privacy. To solve these problems, an anonymous authentication and key establishment scheme is proposed. The proposed authentication scheme enables many security features: user anonymity, sensor anonymity, perfect forward privacy and resistance to the loss of synchronization problem. These security features have been validated using AVISPA and ProVerif respectively. Both systems show results proving that the scheme is secure enough to meet the security requirements. Additionally, the Elliptic Curve Diffie— Hellman (ECDH) key exchange protocol has been adopted to ensure the secrecy of the shared key, in order to prevent the gateway from learning the shared key and to enable perfect forward privacy. To make the proposed scheme more efficient, hash functions and a minimal amount of asymmetric encryption operations are used. Besides, because of the computability and power constraint of the wearable sensors, only hash, and XOR operations are adopted. Experiment results show the proposed schema is more efficiency than related works. A data aggregation scheme is proposed in order to prevent accessing personal data by the gateway. Sensors are divided into small groups where each group has at least k sensors. The k sensors will generate a group of keys dependent on each other, to make sure that these keys can be canceled out only when they are grouped. One of these keys encrypts a single sensor’s datum; in this way, the gateway is unable to get the data of a single sensor and the data privacy is protected. However, the gateway can learn the statistical results of k sensors’ data (sum, average, variance, etc.) as the keys will cancel out each other when the data of a group are added up. Regarding the smart grid scenario, smart meters have been widely applied to enable two-way communications in the grid. User’s real-time electricity consumption data and other data are transmitted between entities. It is necessary to ensure the security of this two-way communication. Several authentication schemes have been proposed to solve this problem. It presents a mutual authentication and key establishment scheme based on a bilinear map pairing, which can withstand attacks on privacy and provides security features such as perfect forward privacy and message integrity. Besides, a simpler registration scheme is designed in order to reduce the computational cost of the registration phase. A formal security analysis of the proposed scheme is also completed and the results show that the proposed scheme is secure. The simulation results show the proposed scheme has better communication and computation costs than those shown in the related works. As smart meters have been installed to report users’ real-time electricity consumption data to the utility supplier periodically, the latter can adjust its provided energy based on users’ electricity consumption data, which enables fine-grained energy supply. However, these real-time electricity consumption data can also reveal the behaviors of the inhabitants (for example, real-time electricity consumption data can reveal if an inhabitant is at home, if the television is working, etc.). It is necessary to avoid that the public service provider knows directly the real-time electricity consumption data of each user. However, on the other hand, it is necessary to allow the electric supplier to learn the total consumption data of an area to enable a dynamic supply of energy. A data aggregation scheme for smart meters based on Paillier homomorphic cryptosystem is proposed enabling the utility supplier to get the total consumption data of all the smart meters of an area, while the utility supplier is unable to get the real-time electricity consumption data of a single smart meter. In addition, smart meter data are likely to be multiple (identity, consumption data, time and so on), the proposed scheme enables smart meters to report multiple types of data in a reporting message. Furthermore, the proposed scheme also makes it possible for the utility supplier to conduct a one-way analysis of variance on the data. Formal security analysis shows the proposed scheme is semantically secure. The experiment results show that the proposed scheme reduce the computation cost both on the smart meter side and on the aggregator side.

   @phdthesis{chen_contribution_2019,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Contribution to authentication and data privacy on {Internet} of {Things} scenarios},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/58144/},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {Chen, Yuwen},
     month = jul,
     year = {2019},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.58144},
     keywords = {supervisor: López-Santidrián, Lourdes, supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1790904},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1790904},
     supervisor = {López-Santidrián, Lourdes and Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2018

1. Contribución al desarrollo de metodologías de vigilancia tecnológica e inteligencia competitiva y su implementación con plataformas web

   Aurelio Berges García

   Supervisors: José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega and Juan Manuel Meneses Chaus

   Nov 2018

   Abs DOI Bib Website Teseo

   Nowadays, data is an essential asset for all kind of entities. The current technological advances have enabled any organization, regardless of its size, reaching unprecedented capabilities for getting information. However, it is harder and harder separating useful information and what it is not. Supporting organizations in the acquisition of relevant information within the overwhelming amount of data that surrounds them is one of the aims of the regulation UNE 166006, which provides the guidelines to optimize, through the implementation of systems for Technology Watch and Competitive Intelligence (TW/CI), the processes for monitoring the environment where organizations operate. Since the publication of this regulation in 2011 and according to UNE, the generation of documentation about different aspects of TW/CI (in form of studies, reports, maps, guides or even doctoral theses) is growing, there are 50 certified organizations in Spain and this regulation’s report has been purchased 1,600 times. Thus, it is demonstrated that competitive intelligence has established during last years to become a highly relevant activity within organizations. Still, despite the growth performed by this activity and although the regulation roughly defines the process of TW/CI, there are some important lacks: • It does not characterize in detail the different stages of the watch cycle. • It does not address the collaborative environment that must exist between all the personnel involved in TW/CI. • It does not give guidelines on the analysis of data and information, which is one of the most important stages within the competitive intelligence. • It does not include the visualization of data involved in the process of search, interpretation and benchmarking of data that enables its detailed and profound understanding so that they are transformed into comprehensible information for the user. • There is not a defined methodology for the evaluation of the TW/CI functions and products, or for its implementation through web platforms. This thesis can contribute overcoming these lacks by leveraging the results of researches that, through the application of ICT to TW/CI, are being obtained during last years by a group of professors at the School of Telecommunications Systems and Engineering of the Polytechnic University of Madrid. Thus, the targeted objective is: • Characterize each one of the stages within the watch cycle described in the regulation with criteria that can be evaluable, that enable analyzing and visualizing the data obtained and that address the collaborative environment. • Design a methodology for enabling any organization determining its surveillance needs related to each one of the product sets described in the regulation, as well as the requirements for the implementation through web platforms that meet these requirements the best. • Design the architecture for a TW/CI web platform for validating the proposed methodology.

   @phdthesis{berges_garcia_contribucion_2018,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Contribución al desarrollo de metodologías de vigilancia tecnológica e inteligencia competitiva y su implementación con plataformas web},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/53211/},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {Berges García, Aurelio},
     month = nov,
     year = {2018},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.53211},
     keywords = {supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, supervisor: Meneses Chaus, Juan Manuel, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1725771},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1725771},
     supervisor = {Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán and Meneses Chaus, Juan Manuel},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2. Contributions to robotic underwater perception and mapping based navigation

   Xin Yuan

   Supervisor: José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega

   Oct 2018

   Abs DOI Bib Website Teseo

   

   In recent years, one of the fundamental challenges of the research on robotics is to obtain robust and efficient mechanisms for modelling increasingly complex environments, using mobile robots for their exploration. Nowadays, underwater vehicles are increasingly being used in complicated and rigid environments like oceans, harbors or at dams, such as using the onboard Side Scan Sonars (SSSs) of the Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) to image the seabed. And underwater robotic mapping has been an active research area in robotic research community. Localization and mapping are the fundamental abilities for underwater robots to carry out exploration and searching tasks autonomously. Autonomous localization and mapping requires a vehicle to start at an unknown location in an unknown environment and then to incrementally build a map of landmarks present in this area while simultaneously using this map to compute absolute vehicle position. The problem of solving both map building and robot localization is addressed by Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). The main focus of this thesis is on extracting features with Sound Navigation And Ranging (SONAR) sensing for further robotic underwater landmark-based SLAM navigation. First and foremost, a detailed overview of currently used and popular solutions for the underwater SLAM problem is presented and characteristics like accuracy, robustness, computational complexity, etc. are compared. Besides, different types of commonly used map representations are compared regarding their suitability for a priori map localization, in particular with regard to large-scale underwater SLAM based navigation, which are computational requirements, reliability, robustness, etc. In our case, consider the sparse spatial distribution of the marine features, thus the landmark map is chosen to represent the underwater region to be explored. According to the characteristics of sonar images, we propose an improved Otsu Threshold Segmentation Method (TSM) for fast and accurate detecting underwater objects of various feature shapes, including a shipwreck, a branch and a plastic mannequin in this thesis. For all the SSS and Forward Looking Sonar (FLS) images of different resolutions and qualities presented in this thesis, simulation results show that the computational time of our improved Otsu TSM is much lower than that of the maximum entropy TSM, which achieves the highest segmentation precision than other three classic TSMs including the traditional Otsu method, the local TSM and the iterative TSM. Experimental results justify that the improved Otsu TSM maintain more complete information and details of the objects of interests after segmentation, also the effect of noise, the holes and gaps in the foreground objects are greatly reduced. Furthermore, the MIxed exponential Regression Analysis (MIRA) method is presented for handling the echo decay in sonar images. Our MIRA model is compared with the Dark Channel Prior (DCP) model, which is an adaption to well-known fog removal technique to sonar imaging, in terms of one ping, local similarity and global quality analysis between a landmark and its 180° - rotated counterpart. Simulation results prove that the proposed MIRA approach has superior normalization performances. In addition, a detailed state of the art underwater feature matching methods are summarized and compared, including the classic Harris, Speeded Up Robust Features (SURF), Binary Robust Invariant Scalable Keypoints (BRISK), Scale Invariant Feature Transform (ASIFT) feature detector. Consider their suitability for subsea sonar map fusion, in terms of computational requirements, reliability, accuracy, etc. We propose to employ the underwater wireless sensor network (UWSN) into the sonar map fusion task, and present UWSN-based Delaunay Triangulation (UWSN-DT) algorithm for enhancing the performances of sonar map fusion accuracy with low computational costs. Experimental results justify that the UWSN-DT approach works efficiently and robustly, especially for the subsea environments where distinguishable feature points are few and difficult to be detected. Most importantly, as a result of the segmentations, the centroids of the main extracted regions are computed to represent point landmarks which can be used for navigation, e.g., with the help of our newly proposed Augmented Extended Kalman Filter (AEKF)-based robotic underwater SLAM algorithm, which stores the robot pose and the map landmarks in a single system state vector, and estimates the state parameters by using a iterative, estimation-update process, which besides a prediction, an update stage (as well as in the classic Extended Kalman Filter), includes a newly proposed augmentation stage. Several MATLAB simulated experiments are carried out for both our proposed AEKF-SLAM based navigation algorithm and classic FastSLAM 2.0 for dense loop mapping and line mapping, where environmental landmarks include not only the calculated centroids of the shipwreck, branch and plastic mannequin, but also those centroids of certain parts of the background detected by the proposed improved Otsu TSM in Section 3. Simulation results prove that for both dense loop mapping and line mapping experiments, our AEKF-SLAM based robotic navigation approach has the best performances of localization and mapping accuracy with relatively low computational costs. The AEKF achieves more precise and robust estimations of the robot pose and the landmark positions on account of the landmark positions detected by our improved Otsu TSM, than those derived by the maximum entropy TSM. In all, our presented AEKF-based robotic underwater SLAM algorithm achieves reliable detection of cycles in the map and consistent map update on loop closure.

   @phdthesis{yuan_contributions_2018,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Contributions to robotic underwater perception and mapping based navigation},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/52563/},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {Yuan, Xin},
     month = oct,
     year = {2018},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.52563},
     keywords = {google\_scholar\_id: 63rxl0YAAAAJ:2osOgNQ5qMEC, supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1700145},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1700145},
     supervisor = {Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

3. Contributions to Communication and Networking for the Internet of Things Environments

   Ning Li

   Supervisor: José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega

   Oct 2018

   Abs DOI Bib Website Teseo

   

   Due to the advantages of the IoT, the applications of IoT have been widely used and development in recent years. The IoT will be the new revolution of the Internet. The IoT applications have been widely used in forest monitoring, the disaster management, the home automation, the factory automation, smart city, etc. For the IoT applications, one of the important issues is the efficiency of the data transmission, which is important to the Quality of Services (QoS). The efficiency of the data transmission includes the reliability, the energy consumption, the transmission delay, etc. of the network. For different layer, there have different approaches to improving the efficiency of the data transmission. In this thesis, we mainly focus on the network layer. In the network layer, for improving the efficiency of the data transmission is to design the routing algorithm carefully. There are two different routing technologies: the deterministic routing and the opportunistic routing. During the data transmission, the deterministic routing choose one of its neighbor node as the next hop relay node; however, in opportunistic routing, the sender chooses a set of neighbors as the next hop relay nodes to improving the packet delivery ratio. In this thesis, we mainly focus on the opportunistic routing. However, to the opportunistic routing, even the packet delivery ratio is high compare to the deterministic routing, the transmission delay and the redundant transmission are serious than that in deterministic routing. For solving this issue, we propose the concept of sub relaying network; the sender chooses the next hop relay nodes based on the sub relaying network. This approach can reduce the transmission delay and redundant transmission greatly without reducing the packet delivery ratio of the opportunistic routing. During the data relaying in the candidate relay set, the nodes in the candidate relay set should be set with relaying priorities. For improving the fairness when determining the relaying priorities of the relay nodes, we propose a fuzzy logic based relaying priority determining algorithm. This algorithm can take as many as performance metrics into account during the relay priority determining without increasing the computation complexity. Moreover, in this thesis, we applied these two algorithms into the underwater environment and terrestrial environment. Not only the routing algorithms, the topology control is also popular and effective on improve the efficiency of data transmission. Firstly, in this thesis, we investigate the relationship between interference optimal and energy efficient by adjusting the transmission power of node. We concluded that for most cause, when the network is interference optimal by adjusting the transmission power, then it is also energy efficient near 100%. Secondly, for reducing the control cost, in this thesis, we propose two approaches; in the first approach, the nodes are divided into different categories based on some performance metrics, such as the residual energy, the node degree, etc.; the nodes in different categories have different transmission power adjust probabilities; in the second approach, we introduce the Pareto optimal into the topology control to reduce the control cost. Moreover, we also introduce the topology control technology into the opportunistic routing to stable the packet delivery ratio. Finally, in this thesis, we evaluate all the proposed algorithms by simulation. The simulation results have been shown in this paper. These results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm in this thesis are effective and have better performance than the previous works.

   @phdthesis{li_contributions_2018,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Contributions to {Communication} and {Networking} for the {Internet} of {Things} {Environments}},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/52562/},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {Li, Ning},
     month = oct,
     year = {2018},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.52562},
     keywords = {google\_scholar\_id: KLFfMtQAAAAJ:\_kc\_bZDykSQC, supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1700160},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1700160},
     supervisor = {Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2017

1. Toward Context Awareness in the Cooperation of Underwater Robots

   Xin Li

   Supervisor: José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega

   Nov 2017

   Abs DOI Bib Website Teseo

   Nowadays, underwater robots are becoming more and more popular to carry out maritime operations, such as oil spill detection and berm construction. Knowing and understanding the physical environment where specific operations are to take place is key for accomplishing effectively and efficiently such operations and associated activities. On the other hand, when the considered activities become more complex demanding a dynamic setup, the knowledge of environment can allow enhancing performance and make adaptations. Nonetheless, it is very difficult for robots or operators to know the underwater environment, which is highly dynamic and uncertain, a priori, or even in a rough way. Facilitating context awareness, which is a capability for entities to be context-aware, in the cooperation of underwater robots still remains a challenge. The aim of this thesis is to present a comprehensive study on delivering context awareness in the cooperation of underwater robots and overcome the most challenging problems of this topic. To achieve this objective, this thesis is carried out centering on three main research areas. The first area aims to provide a general solution for delivering context awareness in underwater robots. An architectural proposal of a context-aware framework for underwater vehicles is presented in this thesis. The proposed context-aware framework provides a complete and well-defined context management, including context acquisition, context modeling, context reasoning, context distribution, and context dissemination. It can be an enabler of context awareness to be integrated into existing underwater robotic middleware architectures. Services provided by this framework can be exploited in different ways, such as being used by robots to understand the surrounding and for operators to conceive mission plans. The second area concentrates on properly modeling context information that is necessarily exchanged between robots. In this area, three main contributions are made. Firstly, a fuzzy ontology development methodology (FODM) is proposed for guiding the building of fuzzy ontologies from scratch. Secondly, an ontology proposal, named the SWARMs ontology, is presented and implemented. The SWARMs ontology consists of a core ontology and four domain-specific ontologies, including mission & planning, robotic vehicle, environment recognition & sensing, and communication & networking. It is also able to be extended with fuzzy and probabilistic annotations to represent context uncertainty. Especially, the Probabilistic Web Ontology Language (PR-OWL) ontology is adopted to express context uncertainty based on the Multi-Entity Bayesian Network (MEBN) theory. In this way, the SWARMs ontology can not only present a comprehensive and principled representation of context and its associated uncertainty but also provide support for uncertainty reasoning. Finally, a proposal of applying the Stochastic Reduced Order Model (SROM) algorithm to quantify uncertainties propagated in mathematic relationships in the SWARMs ontology is presented. This proposal can guarantee a considerable degree of accuracy in approximating the statistics of uncertain ontological elements but with much fewer calculations. It is worth noting that this proposal is general enough to be applied to quantify uncertainties in any mathematics-embedded ontologies. The last area under investigation focuses on how to effectively reason about context information and its uncertainty in the underwater robot field. None of the existing context reasoning methods can individually meet the reasoning requirements in the underwater robot field. Therefore, a hybrid context reasoning mechanism is proposed in this thesis. The proposal is to loosely couple three different context reasoning methods, namely, the ontological, rule-based, and MEBN reasoning techniques. With the combination of the different reasoning methods, it is flexible to mitigate each reasoning’s weaknesses by using others’ strengths. A set of Java Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) is implemented to realize the hybrid context reasoning proposal. The implementation provides simple interfaces to use the existing context reasoners, including the Jena OWL reasoner, Pellet reasoner, and the UnBBayes-MEBN reasoner, to provide reasoning capabilities. In addition, the implementation of this proposal is validated in terms of usefulness. A preliminary performance analysis on the hybrid context reasoning mechanism is also provided and it shows that the hybrid context reasoner can provide reasoning capabilities within an acceptable time span.

   @phdthesis{li_toward_2017,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Toward {Context} {Awareness} in the {Cooperation} of {Underwater} {Robots}},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/48359/},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {Li, Xin},
     month = nov,
     year = {2017},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.48359},
     keywords = {supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1534569},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1534569},
     supervisor = {Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2. Contribution to the design, implementation and standardization of semantic middleware architectures for the Smart Grid

   Jesús Rodríguez Molina

   Supervisor: José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega

   Jun 2017

   Abs DOI Bib Website Teseo

   

   The Smart Grid, conceived as the power grid enhanced with Information and Communication Technologies aimed to optimizing electricity consumption, enabling a bidirectional participation in the energy provided and improving the power grid with features like Demand Response, Demand Side Management or Optimal Power Flow, is becoming one of the most compelling Cyber-Physical Systems that is being currently developed. Its capacity to increase usable energy in a sustainable manner, along with collect more information about its actual usefulness, makes possible the improvement of living standards for many people all around the world in a more transparent and open way. What is more, since it is able to integrate the comparatively small power supplied by the Renewable Energy Sources provided by the end users that participate in the Smart Grid (which become “prosumers”, as they both produce and consume electricity), it democratizes access to energy and enables a higher degree of competitiveness between traditional actors in the energy markets and newcomers, thus granting the overall improvement of the services that can be provided by the utility companies. However, there are still many open issues that must be solved before completely using the Smart Grid to our advantage. Among these open issues, interoperability of its installed devices is a major one. The equipment that is used in deployments of this kind (Advanced Metering Infrastructure, Phasor Measurement Units, Remote Terminal Units, etc.) is manufactured by different companies with different backgrounds and interests. Therefore, the implementation of their products has usually different ways to transmit information or even proprietary solutions with a low degree of compatibility with other pieces of hardware. In a way, the status quo is similar to the situation of computer networks before the first standards were released: a plethora of manufacturers offer their own solutions to provide services and connectivity, but they struggle to work cooperatively with developments of other equipment vendors that may have different perspectives on the technologies that can be used for data transmission. In addition to that, the services that should be available for either a Smart Grid or one of its smaller scale counterparts (microgrids, nanogrids) are not made clear, neither in terms of what services they should be or where they should be located. While there are some high level functionalities that are usually regarded as almost mandatory (the aforementioned Demand Side Management, device registration, Demand Response, Optimal Power Flow), other more data-centric facilities are often portrayed in a way vaguer manner. Security specifications, the existence of semantic capabilities, how to access the capabilities in a specific deployment or even how the hardware devices become integrated is not described with enough detail. That issue jeopardizes the main purpose of installing and developing components in this area of knowledge, because it makes difficult a further integration of both legacy systems that may have been used by large utility companies for a long time and new developments done by smaller companies that want to play a role in the Smart Grid. Fortunately, many of these challenges can be solved by implementing a software layer located between the applications that can be included for the benefit of the end users and the hardware and network infrastructure installed for package and binary data interchange. This software layer, commonly referred as middleware, has as its main purpose abstracting the heterogeneity and complexity of the underlying distributed hardware components, so that it will offer to the high, more application-based layer a collection of facilities of homogeneous, centralized appearance, usually shaped as an Application Programming Interface that can be accessed by the application developers. Middleware is a very useful software tool for Cyber-Physical Systems and distributed solutions because it grants the integration of almost any kind of device, either by adding software components in the device itself or in another part of the system, which must be open enough to have the components installed or have the required computational capabilities to have those components installed. The main original contribution to knowledge of this doctoral thesis is offering a proposal for a model of a semantic middleware architecture for the Smart Grid, based on software components for distributed solutions. This model is aimed to be used in any kind of deployment related to the Smart Grid, as well as providing a common set of components and interfaces to be observed in future implementations. This architecture has been called Common Middleware Architecture (CMA), as it aims to provide the necessary software components for middleware development under any imaginable use case within this application domain. It has been designed based on the experience accumulated from several research projects where the implementation of a middleware layer was one of the main achievements. CMA has been designed with the main needs of a middleware solution in mind, such as hardware abstraction, context awareness, device registration, interfaces for the upper level, securitization and device integration. While the main domain of CMA is the Smart Grid, and demonstrators based on the Smart Grid have been used to validate it, CMA can also be adapted to other environments. All in all, the main objective of this thesis is creating a reliable framework for the development of middleware solutions for the Smart Grid, which can be used in other application domains where there are requirements of hardware abstraction and service availability resembling the ones that can be found in this area of knowledge. Another major objective of this thesis is making contributions to the standardization of middleware development for the Smart Grid, so that there will be a specific set of services to be developed in order to comply with the most important functionalities of middleware (hardware abstraction, homogeneous set of services for applications, encasing services based on semantic capabilities and security). These two objectives have been achieved with the contributions done in the study of the State of the Art, the inference of open issues and challenges, the establishment of a list of functional and non-functional requirements and the validation of the proposal put forward in this manuscript. The solutions developed can be regarded as the background of the architecture described here, and therefore its performance should be good enough for the functionalities carried out for this kind of software layer, which should be present in any distributed or Cyber-Physical System that uses a collection of deployed pieces of equipment with different capabilities. Besides, since this is a middleware solution solves problems for issues present in other distributed and/or Cyber-Physical Systems (the Internet of Things, underwater robotics) it can be ported to other domains with ease, as services as high level interface access or device registration are used in those situations as well.

   @phdthesis{rodriguez_molina_contribution_2017,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Contribution to the design, implementation and standardization of semantic middleware architectures for the {Smart} {Grid}},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/47152/},
     language = {English},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {Rodríguez Molina, Jesús},
     month = jun,
     year = {2017},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.47152},
     keywords = {google\_scholar\_id: mtA\_hp8AAAAJ:8xutWZnSdmoC, supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1439718},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1439718},
     supervisor = {Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2016

1. Sistema de ayuda a la selección de soluciones de protección de datos personales, para los productos y servicios en “Internet de las Cosas”

   José Antonio Sánchez Alcón

   Supervisors: Lourdes López-Santidrián and José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega

   Feb 2016

   Abs DOI Bib Website Teseo

   New products and services offered by the “Internet of Things” will make people more efficient and more able to understand the environment and take better decisions. New assistive technologies will allow people to extend their working years and many other advantages that currently are hard to foreseen. Nonetheless, we will coexist with a large number of devices collecting information about activities, habits, preferences, etc. This situation could threaten personal privacy. Distrust could be a barrier to the full development of these new products and services. Internet of Things reaches its most representative meaning by the Smart Cities providing the necessary solutions to improve the management of modern cities by means of more efficient tools. These tools require gathering citizens’ information about their activity, preferences, habits, etc. opening up the possibility of tracking them. Thus, privacy and security policies must be developed in order to satisfy and manage the legislative heterogeneity surrounding the services provided and comply with the laws of the country where they are provided. The objective of this thesis is to provide a feasible solution to ensure the security and privacy of personal data on the Internet of Things through resulting techniques from the collaboration between business, legislative and technological areas so as to give confidence to all stakeholders and resolve the possible conflict of interest between them, as well as to manage the legislative heterogeneity. Whereas most of these services are based on wireless sensor networks, and these networks have significant resource constraints, the proposed management system is also able to cover the security and privacy requirements considering those constrains.

   @phdthesis{sanchez_alcon_sistema_2016,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Sistema de ayuda a la selección de soluciones de protección de datos personales, para los productos y servicios en “{Internet} de las {Cosas}”},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/39379/},
     language = {Spanish},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {Sánchez Alcón, José Antonio},
     month = feb,
     year = {2016},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.39379},
     keywords = {supervisor: López-Santidrián, Lourdes, supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1215375},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1215375},
     supervisor = {López-Santidrián, Lourdes and Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2015

1. Contribution towards intelligent service management in wearable and ubiquitous devices

   Pedro Castillejo Parrilla

   Supervisors: Lourdes López-Santidrián and José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega

   Jul 2015

   Abs DOI Bib Website

   

   Nowadays, society is shifting towards a growing interest and concern on health care. This phenomenon can be acknowledged by two facts: first, the increasing number of people practising some kind of healthy activity (sports, balanced diet, etc.). Secondly, the growing number of commercial wearable smart devices (smartwatches or bands) able to measure physiological parameters such as heart rate, breathing rate, distance or consumed calories. A large number of applications combining both facts are appearing. These applications are not only able to monitor the health status of the user, but also to provide recommendations about routines in order to improve the mentioned health status. In this context, wearable devices merged with the Internet of Things (IoT) paradigm enable the proliferation of new market segments for these health wearablebased applications. Furthermore, these applications can provide solutions for the elderly or baby care, in-hospital or in-home patient monitoring, security and defence fields or an unforeseen number of future applications. The introduced IoT paradigm can be developed with the usage of existing Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) by connecting the novel wearable devices to them. In this way, the migration of new users and actors to the IoT environment will be eased. However, a major issue appears in this environment: heterogeneity. In fact, there is a large number of operating systems, hardware platforms, communication and application protocols or programming languages, each of them with unique features. The main objective of this thesis is defining and implementing a solution for the intelligent service management in wearable and ubiquitous devices so as to solve the heterogeneity issues that are presented when dealing with interoperability and interconnectivity of devices and software of different nature. Additionally, a security schema based on trust domains is proposed as a solution to the privacy problems arising when private data (e.g., biomedical parameters or user identification) is broadcasted in a wireless network. The proposal has been made after a comprehensive state-of-the-art analysis, and includes the design of a Wearable Device Service Bus (WDSB) including the technologies collected in the requirement analysis (ESB, WWBAN, WSN and IoT). Applications are able to access the WSN services regardless of the platform and operating system where they are running. Besides, this proposal also includes the design of a Wearable Inter-Domain communication Protocols set (WIDP) which integrates lightweight protocols suitable to be used in low-capacities devices (REST, JSON, AMQP, CoAP, etc...). Furthermore, a security solution for service management based on a trustworthy domains model to deploy security services in WSNs has been designed. Although the proposal is a generic framework for applications based on services provided by wearable devices, an application scenario for testing purposes has been included. In this validation scenario it has been presented an autonomous physical condition performance system, based on a WSN, bringing the possibility to include several elements in an IoT scenario: a smartwatch, a physiological monitoring device and a smartphone. In summary, the general objective of this thesis is solving the heterogeneity and security challenges arising when developing applications for WSNs and wearable devices. As it has been presented in the thesis, the solution proposed has been successfully validated in a real scenario and the obtained results were satisfactory.

   @phdthesis{castillejo_parrilla_contribution_2015,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Contribution towards intelligent service management in wearable and ubiquitous devices},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/37254/},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {Castillejo Parrilla, Pedro},
     month = jul,
     year = {2015},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.37254},
     keywords = {google\_scholar\_id: Fp3IO4QAAAAJ:\_FxGoFyzp5QC, supervisor: López-Santidrián, Lourdes, supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     supervisor = {López-Santidrián, Lourdes and Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2. Contributions to the Resilience Management in the Internet of Things

   Yuanjiang Huang

   Supervisors: José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega and Juana Sendra-Pons

   Jul 2015

   DOI Bib Website

   @phdthesis{huang_contributions_2015,
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Contributions to the {Resilience} {Management} in the {Internet} of {Things}},
     url = {http://oa.upm.es/37209/},
     language = {English},
     urldate = {2023-11-28},
     school = {Universidad Politécnica de Madrid},
     author = {Huang, Yuanjiang},
     month = jul,
     year = {2015},
     doi = {10.20868/UPM.thesis.37209},
     keywords = {supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, supervisor: Sendra-Pons, Juana},
     supervisor = {Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán and Sendra-Pons, Juana},
     dimensions = {true}
   }

2014

1. Service architecting and dynamic composition in pervasive smart ecosystems for the internet of things based on sensor network technology

   Miguel S. Familiar

   Supervisors: Carlos García Rubio and José-Fernán Martínez-Ortega

   Mar 2014

   Abs Bib Teseo

   

   The present article summarizes the doctoral dissertation of Miguel S. Familiar.

   @phdthesis{familiar_service_2014,
     address = {Madrid, Spain},
     type = {{PhD} {Thesis}},
     title = {Service architecting and dynamic composition in pervasive smart ecosystems for the internet of things based on sensor network technology},
     copyright = {Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0},
     urldate = {2025-11-15},
     school = {Universidad Carlos III de Madrid},
     author = {Familiar, Miguel S.},
     month = mar,
     year = {2014},
     keywords = {google\_scholar\_id: lrb91x8AAAAJ:IjCSPb-OGe4C, supervisor: García Rubio, Carlos, supervisor: Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán, teseo: https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1064283},
     teseo = {https://www.educacion.gob.es/teseo/mostrarRef.do?ref=1064283},
     supervisor = {García Rubio, Carlos and Martínez-Ortega, José-Fernán},
     dimensions = {true}
   }